Shubham Bhargava's Blogs

ERECTION OF SUPERSTRUCTURE ●       Erection is done during night because road traffic is less and space required is available. ●       Care should be taken that work is done at least 6 m away from of electric wires and poles. ●       There should not be any traffic or anything prone to damage within swing area. ●       Cranes are used to lift and place the structure. One crane is used for erecting pier cap and two cranes for erecting U Girder ●       Location of crane is decided upon following factors : ○       Size and weight of superstructure. ○       Area available free from utilities. ○       Boom length and boom angle as decided by engineer. ○       Swing Area. ○       Location of trailer truck. ●       Crane rests with its arms. ●       Steel plates are kept below the arms so that load is transferred uniformly to ground over larger area. ●       Counter Weight is decided upon following factors : ○       Weight of crane, boom, hook, chains, structure

                                          Girder ●       Girder is the superstructure of viaduct on which the rail tracks are laid and train runs. ●       It rests on the piers, one at each end. ●       Since we have two tracks, each pier supports four U girders (two on each side) ●       U girder weighs around 140 Tons and is 25 m long. There are 3 bed in the Casting Yard for both U girders and pier cap – • Caging Bed • Casting Bed • Curing Bed Each Bed is Capable of Making four Girders simultaneously in a row. Methodology : 1.     Four Cages are fixed at the Cage Bed. 2.     Cleaning And Oiling of Mould/Shuttering of Casting bed is done. 3.     Lifting Of Cage and Shifting to Casting Bed is done. 4.     End Shutters are fixed. 5.     High Tensile Stress (HTS) Cable and Pre-tensioning prestressing cables are placed. 6.     Inner Shutters are fixed. 7.     Pre tensioning of prestressing steel is done. 8.     Concrete of Specific grade of Concr

Casting Yard •Site of any Casting Yard should be easily accessible from all site locations. •Land should be available from 25 Acres to 40 Acres for establishing a casting yard. •Good Environment Conditions. •Approach Road leading to casting Yard should be easily identified •It should be not more than 3 to 4 kms from working site. •Canteen and Proper drinking water facility for Engineers,Supervisors,staff and labours. •Medical Treatment Centre in case of emergency. Casting of Superstructure 1.          Casting of superstructure is not done on site because of various reasons like unavailability of land space for installing the machinery and equipments, difficulty in mobility, overall work efficiency and constructability. 2.        All the casting of superstructure like pier cap, U girders, I Girders, Pi Girders etc is completed there and is transported to the site by trailer trucks for erection once it has gained sufficient strength and site conditions are suit

                                Pier Construction :           Pier is a substructure of viaduct that is supported by closely spaced piles and transfers all the loads from superstructure to ground through pile foundation.           Two types of piers are used in the project : 1.     Station pier (square)           Dimensions being 2400 mm x 2000mm. 2.     Eccentric pier (viaduct)           Diameter of eccentric pier is around 1.8m. Methodology : 1.     Vertical Reinforcement are aligned and supported with concrete blocks. 2.     Other reinforcements like rings and link rods are then tied according to design and bar bending schedule. 3.     Vertical alignment is assured by plumb bob and coordinates. 4.     Self Shuttering is placed with a cover of 75mm. 5.     M40 grade with slump of 160 - 175mm concrete is poured is compacted using needle vibrators. 6.     It is cured by watering and covering by wet cloth. Pier Construction in Progress Ty

                                            Pile Cap:           A pile cap is a thick concrete mat that rests on concrete piles that have been driven into soft or unstable ground to provide a suitable stable foundation. It usually forms part of the foundation of a building, typically a multi-story building, structure or support base for heavy equipment. Methodology : 1.     Work area is dug until required depth(2-3m) and cleared according to required dimensions. 2.     The hardened slurry concrete of piles is broken and reinforcement are bent down. 3.     Area is cleaned and PCC flooring is done of 100mm thickness. 4.     Reinforcements are placed as per design and bar bending schedule covering the area of 4 x 5 meters or as per plan with a cover of 75mm.           5. Shuttering/Formwork is placed after Oiling. 6. M40 grade concrete with slump of around 150 mm and temperature    should be between 5°- 33° Celsius is poured. 7.     Concrete is compacted usin

                                Pile Foundation:       Pile foundation is a type of deep foundation.      It is  done where shallow foundation is not possible because hard rock strata is not available at upper levels of ground.      Load is transferred to ground through skin friction and end bearing reaction.      In this project depth of piles is around 14m and diameter is 1m. But it can be as deep as 50m.      It is very slow and steady process and high accuracy is required. Methodology:       1.     After the geotechnical survey is done, Survey Coordinate and Control Points are marked. 2.     Boring is done with pile boring machine/rig machine until hard rock strata is found or as per plan. Depth is known by chain sounding method. 3.     If hard rock is found it is further bored for more 2-3 feets for better end bearing reaction. 4.     Simultaneously steel casing/liner is done while boring so that surrounding soil doesn’t fall and is held in place. It a

Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) is an umbrella term for the laws, rules, guidance and processes designed to help protect employees, the public and the environment from harm. In the workplace, the responsibilities for designing and implementing appropriate procedures is often assigned to a specific department, often called the "HSE" department which is responsible for environmental protection, occupational health and safety at work.                                                                         HSE management has two general objectives: -Prevention of incidents or accidents that might result from abnormal operating conditions   -Reduction of adverse effects that result from normal operating conditions.   Regulatory requirements play an important role in the role and HSE managers must identify and understand relevant HSE regulations, the implications of which must be communicated to executive management so the company can implement suitable measures.